French colonialism in Africa has a long and complicated history. Although initial French colonization primarily occurred in the Americas and Asia, the French did establish a few colonies and trading posts on the African continent. Initial French colonization in Africa began in modern-day Senegal, Madagascar, and along the Mascarene Islands. The French East India Company partially administered initial French colonial projects, which prioritized plantation economies and slave labor. These economies were based on monoculture agriculture and forced African labor. Poor living conditions, famines, and disease made enslaved labor conditions particularly lethal across French colonies. French presence in Senegal began in 1626, although formal colonies and trading posts were not established until 1659 with the founding of Saint-Louis, and 1677 with the founding of Gorée. Additionally, the first settlement of Madagascar began in 1642 with the establishment of Fort Dauphin
Saturday, August 5, 2023
What is the history of French colonialism in Africa?
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Citations:
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_colonial_empire
[2] https://www.cadtm.org/Africa-How-France-Continues-to-Dominate-Its-Former-Colonies-in-Africa
[3] https://www.jstor.org/stable/45309980
[4] http://smu-facweb.smu.ca/~wmills/course317/4French_Policies.html
[5] https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-166;jsessionid=AF60A8F7B7B26FECCC5F1702BA4162D4
[6] https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/abstract/document/obo-9780199846733/obo-9780199846733-0029.xml
[7] https://behorizon.org/french-influence-in-africa-colonial-period/
[8] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/colonial-policy
[9] https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/French-Decolonization-in-Africa/311336
[10] https://uwidata.com/20956-the-legacy-of-french-colonialism-in-africa/
[11] https://www.jstor.org/stable/717912
[12] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Africa
[13] https://www.africa.upenn.edu/K-12/French_16178.html
[14] https://www.aljazeera.com/program/featured-documentaries/2020/11/24/blood-and-tears-french-decolonisation
[15] https://www.e-ir.info/2011/06/11/the-ongoing-relationship-between-france-and-its-former-african-colonies/
[16] https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1mtz521
[17] https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-fmcc-boundless-worldhistory/chapter/france-in-africa/
[18] https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/en/publications/decolonization-in-french-west-africa
[19] https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/14/world/africa/france-macron-africa-colonies.html
[20] https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/africa-french-colonies
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